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Black pepper is native to south India, and is extensively cultivated there and elsewhere in tropical regions. Black pepper is the world's most traded spice. Black pepper is produced from the green or ripe drupes of the pepper plant. The berries are separated from the stem by hand and then sun-dried (or by machine) for several days, during which the pepper around the seed shrinks and darkens into a thin, wrinkled black layer. Once dried, the spice is called black peppercorn.